"""
Common functions that are used by many operators
.. codeauthor:: David Zwicker <david.zwicker@ds.mpg.de>
"""
import logging
import warnings
import numpy as np
from ...tools.typing import OperatorType
from ..base import GridBase
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
[docs]def make_laplace_from_matrix(matrix, vector) -> OperatorType:
"""make a Laplace operator using matrix vector products
Args:
matrix:
The (sparse) matrix representing the laplace operator on the given
grid.
vector:
The constant part representing the boundary conditions of the
Laplace operator.
Returns:
A function that can be applied to an array of values to obtain the
solution to Poisson's equation where the array is used as the right hand
side
"""
mat = matrix.tocsc()
vec = vector.toarray()[:, 0]
def laplace(arr: np.ndarray, out: np.ndarray) -> None:
"""apply the laplace operator to `arr`"""
result = mat.dot(arr.flat) + vec
out[:] = result.reshape(arr.shape)
return laplace
[docs]def make_general_poisson_solver(matrix, vector, method: str = "auto") -> OperatorType:
"""make an operator that solves Poisson's problem
Args:
matrix:
The (sparse) matrix representing the laplace operator on the given
grid.
vector:
The constant part representing the boundary conditions of the
Laplace operator.
method (str):
The chosen method for implementing the operator
Returns:
A function that can be applied to an array of values to obtain the
solution to Poisson's equation where the array is used as the right hand
side
"""
from scipy import sparse
try:
from scipy.sparse.linalg import MatrixRankWarning
except ImportError:
from scipy.sparse.linalg.dsolve.linsolve import MatrixRankWarning
if method not in {"auto", "scipy"}:
raise ValueError(f"Method {method} is not available")
# prepare the matrix representing the operator
mat = matrix.tocsc()
vec = vector.toarray()[:, 0]
def solve_poisson(arr: np.ndarray, out: np.ndarray) -> None:
"""solves Poisson's equation using sparse linear algebra"""
# prepare the right hand side vector
rhs = np.ravel(arr) - vec
# solve the linear problem using a sparse solver
try:
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.simplefilter("error") # enable warning catching
result = sparse.linalg.spsolve(mat, rhs)
except MatrixRankWarning:
# this can happen for singular laplace matrix, e.g. when pure
# Neumann conditions are considered. In this case, a solution is
# obtained using least squares
logger.warning(
"Poisson problem seems to be under-determined and "
"could not be solved using sparse.linalg.spsolve"
)
use_leastsquares = True
else:
# test whether the solution is good enough
if np.allclose(mat.dot(result), rhs, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5):
logger.info("Solved Poisson problem with sparse.linalg.spsolve")
use_leastsquares = False
else:
logger.warning(
"Poisson problem was not solved using sparse.linalg.spsolve"
)
use_leastsquares = True
if use_leastsquares:
# use least squares to solve an underdetermined problem
result = sparse.linalg.lsmr(mat, rhs)[0]
if not np.allclose(mat.dot(result), rhs, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5):
residual = np.linalg.norm(mat.dot(result) - rhs)
raise RuntimeError(
f"Poisson problem could not be solved (Residual: {residual})"
)
logger.info("Solved Poisson problem with sparse.linalg.lsmr")
# convert the result to the correct format
out[:] = result.reshape(arr.shape)
return solve_poisson